Ancient Romes Contribution to Western Civilization Essay

Ancient Rome has contributed to the development of Western Civilisation. Ancient Rome was a sophisticated country that helped us build up this society that we now live in ? Western Civilisation by lending attributes that have made our world into what it has become. The government of Ancient Rome was (one of) the first to be created. If Romulus had not set down laws and chosen people to govern Rome, we would probably be all living in a very different way now. Also, Ancient Roman architecture has influenced buildings being built today. Lastly, the Ancient Roman language of Latin is the base of most English words. Government is extremely important in a country, because without it, all hell would break loose, and wrong doers would receive†¦show more content†¦Roman architecture has influenced Westerns so much that if you were to take a walk down a street, chances are you would discover a beautiful Roman style building. The reason behind the popularity of this style is probably because of its ?classic?, unique, pretty yet simple design. Common characteristics of Roman designs are bold, defined mouldings, columns, arches and peaks. One or more of these are often used in Western buildings going for a classical look. In the eighteenth century wealthy young men started to travel to Italy on The Grand Tour as part of their education. They discovered the buildings and statues of ancient Rome. When they got back home they paid craftsmen to build new houses based on Roman designs. Roman styles became the height of fashion and soon everyone wanted to join the trend. Roman architecture has obviou sly influenced the way Westerns build their buildings if it spread so rapidly and was and still is so popular! English is the main language of the Western world. Many English words originated from the Roman language of Latin. Simple English words such as ?architecture?, ?balm?, ?determine? and ?say? have been derived from Latin. Just flip through a dictionary and an endless amount of words have come from Latin. If the Ancient Romans didn?t have and create the language of Latin, we would probably lose half our vocabulary, because of the great role it has played in making the language of English. TheShow MoreRelatedAncient Greek And Romes Impact On Western Literature1642 Words   |  7 Pagesand roman culture had on western civilization The ancient Greeks and Romans were two of the greatest civilizations of the ancient world. The two civilizations thrived in their ancient environments which eventually led to a large amount of wealth within these two cultures. It is because of this that these ancient cultures were able to make a variety of advancements in literature, architecture, art and many other fields. These two civilizations also produced some of the ancient world’s greatest leadersRead MoreCultural, Economical, Religious, And Political Contributions847 Words   |  4 PagesCultural, economical, religious, and political contributions made by both Ancient Greece, 800 B.C - 500 B.C , and Ancient Rome, 31 BCE – 476 CE, assisted in the development of western culture. Albeit Rome embraced and developed some characteristics of Greek culture, they still made prominent contributions of their own. Rome and Greece contributed Christianity, Philosophy, The Republic, and Literature. At the time, Roman religion was centered on gods and the interpretation of why things were theRead MoreColosseum, Arch of Titus, Basilica of Constantine, Palace of Docletian1354 Words   |  5 Pages The Western civilization as we know it traces back to Europe, as well as the Mediterranean. More specifically, it is comprised of mainly Western Europe and North America. The Western culture as a whole exemplifies the social norms, political systems, heritage, and customs. Much of those influences have arisen by no other than the contributions done by Rome. Rome has not only shaped a significant amount of the Western civilization in various ways such as the architecture, forming of a republic, diffusionRead More Contributions to Western Civilization Made by Ancient Greece and Rome2004 Words   |  9 PagesThe ancient Greeks and Romans were perhaps two of the greatest civilizations of the ancient world. These two civilizations thrived in their ancient environments which eventually led to a vast amount of prosperity within these two cultures. It is because of this prosperity that these ancient cultures were able to make a variety of advancements in literature, architecture, art and a variety of other fields. These two civilizations also produced some of the ancient world’s greatest writers, leadersRead MoreHow Strongly Ancient Societies Affected The Formation Of Today s Society1434 Words   |  6 Pagesaims to investigate how strongly ancient societies affected the formation of today’s society, by analyzing several characteristics basically originating from civilisations of Ancient Antiquity such as Greece and Rome. The civilized culture is dated back to ancient Greeks and Romans. Their contribution to philosophy, literature and politics has undeniably helped to form notions of modern Western cultures. This is because, assorted essential features in the life of Ancient Greeks and Romans which willRead MoreRise and Fall of Athens and Ancient Rome Essay examples758 Words   |  4 Pagesthe rise and fall of many powerful cities, starting with Ur and Babylon and continuing into present day with cities such as New York City. Two of these cities, ancient Athens and ancient Rome, stand out from other cities of their time due to their culture, politics, and influence, both on the world around them and on future civilizations. These strengths qualify them as world cities, and despite their eventual losses of power, their legacies live on. Athens obtained hegemony around 448 BC, rightRead MoreThe Rise Of The Roman Empire1611 Words   |  7 Pagescapital still succumbed to a barbarian takeover. This was widely regarded as one of the greatest tragedies in ancient history, and to this day it remains as one of the most prominent events in history, affecting hundreds of thousands of individuals, residing within the empire and in the world surrounding it. After the removal of Romulus Augustus, the last emperor of Rome, the empire and the ancient world was plunged into a â€Å"Dark Age†, filled with desperation and hardships for all involved. The politicalRead MoreAncient Rome, The Heart Of A Great Empire1545 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Rome, the heartbeat of a great empire, was the birthplace of one of the best civilizations on earth. Its ruins tell a story of the world’s first metropolis. Rome was built on a swamp with extraordinary engineering. Buried underground beneath the streets of Rome are the pillar s of Rome’s power. Archeologists are now analyzing pieces of infrastructure about the city of Rome and the people that profoundly influenced the world. Rome was the first civilization to conquer the western world. AtRead More Greeks and romans Essay1008 Words   |  5 Pages Three ancient civilizations contributed most to Western society. These ancient cultures were the Romans, Greeks, and Judeo-Christians. Although all three had a major impact on our life today in areas such Philosophy, Art, Architecture, Education, Military, Family Life, Government, and many more, it is evident that the Roman civilization has impacted Western Society beyond the other two. But to come to this conclusion you must first look at all aspects of life of all three cultures. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;TheRead MoreThe Romans Were Influential People Essay895 Words   |  4 Pagesin all areas of life. The Romans were eclectic in Philosophy, in their art, and their methods of living life. Which also defines the meaning of eclecticism. Eclecticism is also known to be the first recorded to have been practiced by a group of ancient Greek and Roman philosophers who attached themselves to no real system but selected from existing philosophical beliefs those doctrines that seemed most reasonable to them. Out of this collected material they constructed their new system of philosophy

Start of The Renaissance in Italy During the 15th Century...

Start of The Renaissance in Italy During the 15th Century The word Renaissance means rebirth. It was a period when people rediscoverd learning and looking back to the classical civilizations of Rome and Greece for their inspiration. It was an exciting time of new inventions and amazing discoveries, magnificent buildings and beutiful art. My aim in this essay, is to explain why the Renaissance started in Italy during the 15 century. In this essay I will talk about; The growing wealth of Italy, divided Italy, the classical period, humanists, trade and exploration. The main reasons of why the Renaissance started in Italy during the 15th century were the growing wealth of italy because the history†¦show more content†¦The ancient ideas about beuty- of mind, body and spirit, led on to a new philosophy, known as humanism, which challenged the teachings of the medieval Church. Renaissance thinkers made human beings, and human achivements, their main concern. They cared more about life in this world, than about eternity. Most humanists did not reject altogether. But now they believed that, in some ways, humans could be perfect, and almost equal to God. The discoveries by Renaissance scholars in subjects as different as atonomy, music and maths all helped humanists. Scholars considered shapes, such as squares and circles, to be mathematically perfect. They were delighted that Roman architect Vitruvius had suggested that a perfect human body was naturally in harmony with these perfect mathematical forms. They took this harmony as evidenve of a grand design, by which the univese had been formed. Michaelangelo intended his painting to be more than just a picture: it is a statement of humanist beliefs in the power and beuty of humankind. Michaelangelo believed that without God, Adam could not live. Even so, he has portrayed him as strong, relaxed and unafraid. Michaelangelos painting shows us that, for some Renaissance artists,Show MoreRelatedEarly Renaissance And The Renaissance1205 Words   |  5 PagesEarly Renaissance to High Renaissance The Renaissance is the period that immediately follows the Middle Ages in Europe ancient Rome and Greece. Growing prosperity and reduction in political stability accompanied by new technologies, the printing press, astronomy and the exploration and discovery of new continents was supplemented by a blossoming of philosophy, literature, and art. Painting style, decorative arts, and sculpture arose in Italy in the 14th century, reached its peak in the late 15th andRead MoreThe Work Of A Vase Painter Of The Mid 400 s B.c1003 Words   |  5 Pagescolor, value, and texture. The fundaments of art originated from the Greeks and Romans. To achieve a realist image, the combination of the fundamentals of art creates the illusion of something real. Proportions of a human body were developed by a renaissance artist named Leonardo Divinci. Divinci was not the only historical figure who created the ideal proportions of a human body. Greeks used a system of measures when they made temples and used a standard unit of measure to draw the human body. PolykleitosRead MoreThe Renissance was a Cultural Movement of Humanism718 Words   |  3 PagesThe Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned the period roughly from the 14th to 17th century, beginning in Italy in the Late Middle Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe. The term renaissance came from the French word meaning rebirth. The defining concept of the Renaissance was humanism. Humanism was a distinct movement because it broke from the medieval tradition of having pious religious motivation for creating art or works of literature. The Renaissance humanism was a collectionRead MoreCharacteristics Of The Italian Renaissance1299 Words   |  6 PagesItalian Renaissance Renaissance means rebirth in the French language, the renaissance happened between the fifteenth century and sixteenth century. Beginning in Italy, the Renaissance was an era that rediscovered the culture of ancient Greece and Rome in the fourteenth century and witnessed a continuation of the economic, political, and social trends. Jacob Burck-hardt, a swiss historian and art critic, created the Renaissance in his celebrated book The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, andRead MoreThe Renaissance, Renaissance And The Renaissance Period775 Words   |  4 Pages Renaissance is a time period that starts a transitional cultural movement in Europe between medieval times and modern times. It means rebirth and begins in 14th century and lasts into the 17th century. Through out this time, many aspects were influenced by this cultural movement, such as art, music, science, religion and politics. Renaissance was marked by the humanistic revival, and people in Europe used this me thod in study, in order to searched for realism and human themselves in art.Read MoreInterpreting Modern History: Revival of the Appreciation of Art894 Words   |  4 Pagesideas, and moral values known as the Renaissance. During and before this time period, the majority of the European population was deeply embedded and blinded by the church. It is my understanding that Modern history is comprised of a sequence of events. It was not limited to specific dates, it was a continuous cycle of religious and political strives for power, establishment, and scientific discovery. The events, formerly mentioned, that took place were the Renaissance, the Reformation, and ExplorationRead MoreIn The 1300S, Europe Was Thriving With New Innovations956 Words   |  4 PagesAges, which represents the time where the Roman Empire and the Constantinople fell. During this time around 1350, infectious disease was spreading through the streets of Europe. Approximately, 20 million people died in Europe from the plague, which is roughly around one-third of the population (â€Å"Black Plague†). The Black Plague affected European civilization and how European society viewed the world. The renaissance is a prime example of how the Black Plague affected Europe. The Black Plague helpedRead MoreArt Of The Renaissance : Questions And Vocabulary1283 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 12.5 (Art in the Renaissance) Assignment- Questions and Vocabulary Terms: Giotto, Masaccio, Botticelli, Perspective, Guild, Artisan, Apprentice, Patron, High Renaissance, Pope Julius II, Michelangelo, Northern Renaissance, madrigal. 1) Giotti di Bondone (1266-1337) was an Italian artist and architect from Florence in the very late Middle Ages. He is considered to be one of the most important artists in Italy because he contributed greatly to the Renaissance style of painting and art inRead MoreRenaissance and Political System1193 Words   |  5 PagesRenaissance and Political Institutions Name: Instructor’s Name: Class: Date: Introduction Renaissance is a French term meaning rebirth or revival. Renaissance period in the history of Europe starts from the beginning of 15th century to the end of 16th century. The Renaissance manifested the transitional phase from the medieval ages to the modern era. It was a time of social and cultural changes in Europe. It is believed to be the beginning of the modern world and hence the new phase of theRead MoreArt History : Renaissance Italy Art2596 Words   |  11 Pages ART HISTORY: RENAISSANCE ITALY ART Yim Tsz Fung Jeremy SID: 430114898 Date â€Æ' INTRODUCTION Italian Renaissance was a period of great cultural changes in Europe that started in Italy in the 14th century and continued until the 16th century. Renaissance marked the evolution between Medieval and the early modern Europe. The era of rebirth is known for the renewed interests in the culture of traditional antique after the Dark Ages. In the renaissance, art was very important as people expected

Detailed Report on Nursing for Intervention in Pregnancy and Delivery

Question: Discuss about the Report on Nursing for Intervention in Pregnancy and Delivery? Answer: What risk factors are present that may impact the way this fetus tolerates labor? For Renee who has Hypertension issue, precautions should be in place for her condition as regulating pressure is imperative to save her kidney, liver, brain and such organs from damage. Also, if the pressure rises too much there is a likelihood of the Placenta separating from the wall of the Uterus ("Fetal Compromise (Acute): Management If Suspected", 2016). The thick meconium staining is characteristic of Fetal Compromise but the other dissociating factors like stable baseline and presence of accelerations spell safety. So, primary effort should be at maintaining Renees Blood Pressure. The fetal heart rate shows a rate of 140, moderate variability, no accelerations, and decelerations to 120 beginning after the peak of most contractions and recovering to baseline 30 seconds after the contraction ends. Contractions are every 4 minutes. How should the nurse describe this pattern? (I suggest drawing this out on a piece of paper to really see it) The Fetal Heart rate adheres to the Baseline and the Fetal Heart Rate shows Late Decelerations. What should the nurse do at this point? The nurse should also give Renee oxygen if needed. It is imperative to intimae these findings to physician document in chart. The nurse should be alert and ready to monitor in case of further FHR changes (Van Leeuwen, et. al., 2013). Maternal position must be maintained on left side. There should be efforts to provide good hydration with saline fluids In case oxytocin is being administered it must be discontinued in such a situation. One more effort is the administering of oxygen at 710 L/min with the help of a face mask. Renee is now 8 cm/100%/0 station. She is in the left lateral position with oxygen at 8 L/min. The fetal heart rate is 145. There is moderate variability. Accelerations are not present. There are decelerations in the fetal heart rate beginning at the onset of a contraction, descending to 120 with recovery by the end of a contraction. The contractions are every 3 minutes now. How would the nurse describe the fetal heart rate pattern now? This condition is termed as is Sinusoidal pattern (Hotelling, 2007) Renee is now completely dilated and +1 station. She has been instructed to push with every contraction. The fetal heart rate is now 164. There is absent variability and decelerations to 120 are occurring with maternal pushing that do not resolve until 30 seconds after the contraction. The contractions are every 1 minutes. What should the nurse do in this situation? The Nurse should assist in the delivery process by using techniques for Fetal Stimulation. (Van Leeuwen, et. al., 2013) References: Fetal Compromise (Acute): Management If Suspected. (2016), 1-305. Hotelling, B. (2007). High-Touch Nursing Care During Labor. Birth, 34(3), 271-272. Van Leeuwen, P., Cysarz, D., Edelhauser, F., Gronemeyer, D. (2013). Heart rate variability in the individual fetus. Autonomic Neuroscience, 178(1-2), 24-28.

Apple Logistics and Operations Management

Questions: 1. Detail of the importance of process design on the product or service.2. The overall aim and objectives of the product using process design.3. Stages of the product to illustrate the design concept.4. Analysis of the impact of the performance objectives on the design. Answers: Introduction The chosen organization is Apple, and the product that is to be modified is the Apple Watch. The modification is to be made to increase its levels of water resistance. Apple Inc. had developed a smart watch and had named it as Apple Watch. It has been incorporated with fitness tracking and health-oriented capabilities with integration with iOS and the other products and services that are offered by Apple. It is available in four variations namely, Apple Watch Hermes, Apple Watch Sport, Apple Watch Edition and Apple Watch. It is possible to distinguish it in various combinations of cases and bands that are first party or third party interchangeable. The Watch depends on an iPhone that is connected wirelessly to it for the purpose of performing the default functions like texting or calling. It is consistent with the iPhone 5 or the later models that run iOS or later, by using Bluetooth. Tim Cook had announced it on the ninth day of September 2014, and it was made available for pre-orde r on April 10, 2015. The shipping had begun on the twenty-fourth day of April 2015. The main objective of the product was freeing people from their cell phones. 1. Detail of the importance of process design on the product or service The Watch as mentioned earlier comes in four variations (Shen 2015). It comprises of two sizes of cases, one of the 38mm and another of 42mm (Taylor 2015). The straps of the watch can be changed. It also includes a digital crown' that can be turned to scroll or to zoom and pressed to return to the home screen (McNulty 2015). It also has a touch screen featuring the technology of Force Touch that makes the watch sensitive to pressure and capable of differentiating between a press and a tap (Hanewich-Hollatz 2015). It has a button on its side that can be used for displaying the contacts list or for accessing Apple Pay. The battery of the device is rated for eighteen hours of mixed usage by Apple. Inductive charging is used as a method of charging the watch by using a cable that is identical to the cable of MagSafe (Ingber 2016). When the battery of the watch gets depleted to ten percent, the user is given alerts and is invited to enable a power reserve mode that permits the user to go on reading the time for seventy two additional hours. On recharging, the watch gets reverted to its original mode. The watch is explicitly not marketed by Apple as to be waterproof (Strawbridge 2013). It states that it can tolerate water splashes like hand washing and rain, but submersion is not recommended. But the results of external checking by The Iconfactory and the others have revealed the fact that the watch can function in conditions even when it is submerged like swimming (Reiss 2014). But the touch screen behaves erratically when it is submerged. In addition to it, the water usage might void the warranty, establishing that the damage had been caused by using the product outside the guidelines published by Apple, and the apps that take this advantage might not be allowed as per the policies of the App Store (Kamardeen 2015). The policies inhibit the publishing of those apps which instigate the users for using devices in ways which might bring damage to them. Thus, it is extremely essential to modify the product to make it waterproof or to increase its levels of water resistance. It must be modified in a way that it can be submerged, and there would be no problems arising when used during swimming or related activities. There are people who like to swim and enjoy water sports. Also, people get drenched in the rain at times, and the watch is exposed to water. The modifications must be made especially by keeping them in mind. The change must have an impact on the policies of Apple too. The policies must be such that the watch can be used to be submerged in the water. 2. The overall aim and objectives of the product using process design The overall aim and objectives of Apple Watch using process design are to develop the product in such a way so that it might be able to fulfill the below-mentioned purposes: The watch might be able to be dropped or subjected to other effects. The watch may be able to be submerged in water for a long period. The activities like bathing and swimming would be able to be done with the watch. The watch would be able to be exposed to water that is pressurized or water that is of high velocity like water skiing, jet skiing, wake boarding, showering, surfing, etc (Michael and Michael 2015). The watch must be developed in a way that it would be able to be worn in a steam or sauna room (Kusume and Gridley 2013). Presently, the watch has a rating of water resistance of IPX7 under the IEC standard 60529 (Thompson et al. 2012). The rating indicates that the product is capable of surviving in water for thirty minutes up to a meter (Riches 2015). But if it is immersed deeper than one meter in water or above thirty minutes, it could spell doom. Hence, it is very important to increase the current water resistance rating of the product so that it can withstand the water at deeper levels or for a longer period. 3. Stages of the product to illustrate the design concept There are many stages of modification of the Apple Watch (Anderson 2015). The process has to be performed by a set of people like the industrial designers, the field experts like the prospective users, engineer, etc. The methods of modification should be focused on improving the water-resistant features by brainstorming various ideas, making mock prototypes, and then the developed product would be generated (Jiang 2014). After the completion of the product, the designers need to monitor and evaluate the product to check whether the watch has met the required expectations or if further changes are required to be carried out. The process has to follow three sections for modifying the watch, and they are discussed below: Analysis The product designers must decide to commit to the project of modifying the watch and to find a solution to the problem. The resources need to be pooled to figure out how the work can be efficiently solved. Proper research is required to be done for the collection of specific materials that would be helpful in figuring out the solution to the above mentioned problem. Concept The main issue of the problem is to be defined, and the conditions of the areas of the problem would become the goals, and the constraints on the situation become the guidelines within which the fresh design should be made. Synthesis The product designers must weigh various ideas and solutions for the problem. This must not involve any judgment or bias. It should be focused on building original ideas. By this time the product designers should zero in some of their ideas that can make the project of modifying the watch to be successful. They must design their strategies from those ideas. The prototypes should then be constructed, the strategies that are outlined in the above step are to be implemented and then the modified product would be developed. The product so modified is to be tested, and further improvements are to be performed. It may be the last stage of the product modification, but that does not indicate that the process is over. If the watch is not modified or altered to match its expectations, new ideas should be thought of and applied accordingly. 4. Analysis of the impact of the performance objectives on the design The analysis of the effect of the performance objectives of the design can be explained in the below-mentioned points: To critically understand the development and innovation of the product The development and the innovation of the watch must be understood critically. The features that are to be added must be clear and specific so that the development can be made as expected. The loopholes in the previous model of the watch that was launched by Apple were not water proof and hence the users had faced serious issues when they had used it while swimming and bathing. The policy that was used for the watch did not permit the watch to be submerged. Hence, the watch needs to be modified in a way that it can be able to be used during bathing, swimming and other water activities. The specifications of the watch need to be changed so that the user can wear the watch and perform the above mentioned activities. It is very crucial to understand thus the changes that are required to be done for the modification of the product. If the required activities are not properly understood or if the features that are to be incorporated are not critically understood, the modifications cannot be carried out as planned. The purpose of the modification of the watch will not be successful, and the customers will not be able to solve the problems that the existing customers are facing with the watch. If the customers are satisfied with the new and improved product, it will make Apple more popular, and the customer base would be greatly increased. To critically analyze the pricing strategies used by Apple When the product is launched with the new features imbibed in it, the pricing strategies of Apple needs to be critically analyzed too. The premium pricing strategy and differentiation need to be used in this regard. The objective must not be to sell the watch at a low cost. It must be to sell a good watch that has all the features of a great phone that would give a very good experience to the users. High end should be focused in this. Profits should be prioritized over the market share. A halo effect should be created which would make the customers starve for the Apple watch. The modified product so offered by Apple needs to be such that it is different and unique. This would be to enhance the market demand for the watch. The watch should be seen as a value for the money that is borne by the customers. The customers should not be of the opinion that the cost that they are bearing for the product is too much for the product. To critically understand the market segmentation The market segmentation strategy that needs to be used is psychographic. This involves the values, activities, attitudes, opinions and interests. Emotions are to be focused and hence this strategy of branding needs to be used. The brand personality of Apple is all about imagination, innovation, lifestyle, hopes, passion, and liberty regained people-to-people and aspirations with the help of technology (Aaker and Joachimsthaler 2012). It is also about simplicity and the obliteration of complexity from the lives of the people. The product so offered must be people oriented. By the use of the psychographic segmentation, the motive, personality, lifestyle and the geodemographic segmentation is to suit the high and middle-class consumers. The sole reason behind it is that money is required to buy the watch. For the people belonging to the high class and middle class, the psychographic segmentation complements each other since they aim at suiting to the needs of all the people in these cla sses. Demographic segmentation according to the gender must be used too. This is because the product would be suitable for every gender. The females would like the product due to its design and use and the males with the features that the watch offers. Apple comes in according to the incomes of the middle and high-income people and is used in all the ethnic groups. Figure 1: Market Segmentation of Apple Source: (Jefferson and George 2014) References Aaker, D.A. and Joachimsthaler, E., 2012.Brand leadership. Simon and Schuster. Anderson, J.M., 2015. From Algorithm to Animation.Atlanta. Hanewich-Hollatz, A., 2015. COMBINING AUXILIARY FINGER INPUT WITH THUMB TOUCH FOR SINGLE-HANDED MOBILE DEVICE INTERFACES. Ingber, J., 2016. An Introduction to the Apple Watch. Jefferson, D.A. and George, B.P., 2014. Creative market segmentation process, global positioning, global product design and successful global brands. Jiang, H., 2014.Smart watch. U.S. Patent Application 14/781,543. Kamardeen, I., 2015.Fall Prevention Through Design in Construction: The Benefits of Mobile Computing. Routledge. Kusume, Y. and Gridley, N., 2013. Commitment 12: Create One Vocabulary for the Whole Organization. InBrand Romance(pp. 159-168). Palgrave Macmillan UK. McNulty, S., 2015.The Apple Watch Book: Master the most personal computer in your life. Peachpit Press. Michael, K. and Michael, M.G., 2015. The Apple Watch heralds a brave new world of digital living. Reiss, M., 2014.Apple. Reaktion Books. Riches, G., 2015. Apple watch for developers. Shen, Y., 2015.Forecasting Twitter topic popularity using bass diffusion model and machine learning(Doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology). Strawbridge, D., 2013.It's Not Easy Being Green: One Family's Journey Towards Eco-friendly Living. Random House. Taylor, A., 2015.Get Fit with Apple Watch: Using the Apple Watch for Health and Fitness. Apress. Thompson, T., Colliou, O., Duck, R. and Behzadi, Y., Proteus Digital Health, Inc., 2012.Wearable Personal Body Associated Device with Various Physical Configurations. U.S. Patent Application 14/004,399.

Mediation of Lady Gaga free essay sample

This essay unpacks the life of cultural objects based on Scott Lash and Celia Lury’s argument in the book of Global Culture Industry: The Mediation of Things. It draws on a set of case studies of a current phenomenon in music and culture, Lady Gaga, using the framework of The Global Culture Industry. Lady Gaga has only been in the spotlight since she first appeared on the television in 2008. Since then, she has been gaining her fans from all over the world. She is seen as a brand that has a global flow of movement. The theory is tested by being compared to other writers’ view on social objects, which includes Karin-Knorr Cetina (2002), Appandurai (1986), Deleuze (1994), World Industry of Information Culture industry was the term that first mentioned by Adorno and Horkheimer in Dialectic of Enlightment (1947), which has been the main reference to the critical theories. However, in the glorious era of ‘dot. We will write a custom essay sample on Mediation of Lady Gaga or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page com’ and social network such as blogs, twitter and facebook, the relevance of the theory is questioned by contemporary theorists. One of the critiques is elaborated in Lash and Lury’s Global Culture Industry: The Mediation of Things. The book is driven by the concern of the implementation of Adorno and Horkheimers’ Cultural Industries in the global media age. The main argument of the book is culture has taken on another different logic with the transition from culture industry, ‘that globalization has given culture industry a fundamentally different mode of operation’ (Lash Lury, 2007: 3). The view of the objects is rather metaphysical than dialectic. Since the emergence of information industry and the global communication system, culture has been seen in different perspectives. The second half of 1990’s was marked with the 2 boost of globalization of the information economy and the rise of cyberspace. The academic studies were followed by business and management analysis with the emphasis on non tangible assets. In this ‘regime of signification’, signalling ‘not simply a shift to a new mode of producing and circulating signs (cultural commoditization), but an alteration in the very relation between culture and economy’ (Wernick, 1991 in Grainge, 2008). In the nature of capitalism, brands were one of the non tangible assets that have been gaining attention from the world. As Lash and Urry pointed, culture industry is a branded circulating intellectual property (Lash Urry, Economies of Signs and Space, 1994). Moreover, the reproduction process is reassuring the sign value (Grainge, 2008). Lash and Lury argues that global culture industry of operates through brands. Anthropologically, culture is seen as ‘the signifying system through which necessarily (though among other means) a social order is communicated, reproduced, experienced, and explored’ (Williams, 1981: 13). Because culture is the main object of the study, signs and text are the analyzed rather than the objective process that is emphasized in ‘political economy’ (Du Gay, 1997; Hesmondaghl, 2007). There is also ‘culturalization of economic life,’ where ‘contemporary capitalism was marked by a degree of reflexive accumulation in economic life, that included a new degree of aesthetic reflexivity in the spheres of both production and consumption, as capitalist reflexivity in the spheres of both production and consumption, as capitalist production became increasingly design-intensive and oriented toward niche consumer markets’ (Lash and Urry, 1994 in Flew, 2005). In this sense, culture has been industrialized. Hesmondaghl (2008) defines culture industries as a sector or a linked production system which involved in the production of social meaning and deal primarily with industrial production and circulation of texts. The essay will focus on linking a music brand with performing arts, fashion, publishing, and video games. 3 In spite of its multi-billion dollars success, the singular form phrase ‘culture industry’ was first identified by German scholars Adorno and Horkheimer in Dialectic of Enlightment (1947) to show the negative side of the information manufacture. The book probes how the culture industry manipulates its consumers through mass media for ‘the interest of financial profitability of corporate oligopoly’ (Lash Lury, 2007: 3). Human beings become dependent on it and the industry legitimates the power of cultural producer or elitists (Adorno, 1997). At the time the book was written, culture was still in the realm of superstructure, where domination and resistance through ideology, symbols, and representation. Nevertheless, Lash and Lury believe that some of the process no longer exists with the situation in global culture industry era. Images and other cultural forms are thingified, not in the superstructure, but in the materiality of infrastructure, dominating ‘both the economy and experience in everyday life’. Instead of circulating as identical objects, cultural entities have the dynamics of their own and move as if it is by accident and unintended. The form of the objects is not static as an atom and determined by the intentions of their producers (top down). Biopower in Cultural Entities One of the arguments of Global Culture Industry is that the industry is animated (Lash and Lury, 2007: 21). In the logic of ‘singularities’, cultural objects ‘move and changed through transposition and translation, transformation and transmogrification’ (Lash Lury, 2007: 5). Translation is ‘an organizational process in which the product moves in a linear, sequential fashion as a short story to a book, a film, video television and so on’ (Lash Lury, 2007: 25). Authorship, creativity, regional or national culture are understood as the result of integrity of an artistic work related to others. By transposition, Lash and Lury mean the intensive features of the 4 object that enables movement, rather than any kind of aesthetic integrity. The movement of transposition is characterized by multiplicity, intensive, associate series of events, merchandise promotion, and publicity. Organized in part by the laws of trademark and passing off, transposition defined by territorial boundaries from multiple origins. It also can be seen as a zone of identity in order to sell products (Becket, 1998, in Lash and Lury, 2007:25). Meanwhile, is an activity to change into a different shape or form, especially one that is fantastic or bizarre (Menheim, 2010). The objects are viewed as ‘a product of normative or instrumental rational action (mediated by a set of internalized habits and expectations) in the first, and as an outcome of social interaction in the latter’ (Leschziner, 2005). Cultural objects are seen as monads that live in different forms by a trace with a memory complex. Unlike commodities by Adorno and Horkheimer that are seen as atoms, monads are self-energizing have their own lives. They are living in microstructures. This culture of circulation is not anymore determined by the producers as Adorno and Horkheimer stated. The value is added in this movement or self-modification throughout the range of spaces. Therefore, the indeterminacy process of production and consumption are the matter of the ‘construction of difference’. This logic of difference is where brand, one of the cultural objects (Lury, 2004), work, and circulate. The embedding of social meanings and relations in physical world constitutes a social ‘morphology’, a spacial arrangement of material objects that constitutes the landscapes, settlements, and technologies to which human actions relate. This book’s argument is in the flow of the objects’ movements, media becomes things, and things can transform into media. Argument is nuanced chapters ma pping the biographies of seven ‘cultural objects’, which are four media that becomes things, such as Toy Story and 5 Wallace and Gromit; and three things that become media: Euro ‘96, Nike, Swatch. The analysis was drawn from a number of different points of view, which are anthropology, science and technology, media theory, biography, multiplicity, and economic sociology. The theory has a number of influences, including Appadurai on how it traces the objects by following them; Deleuze in relating the objects to one another; and Karinn Knorr Catina in the logic of the space of the objects, in microstructures or networks. Brand Has Risen As mentioned before, brand plays a key role in today’s global culture industry. ‘Culture is driven by imagination’ (Tuan, 1998). Within the growing critical literature on brands, the cultural work of logos, signs and trademarks has often been read symptomatically, an aspect of the thickening hegemony of global capitalism and of the social disjunction represented in the production and promotion of goods. Brands have lives of its own that actualize themselves. It flows from brand’s memory, that is ‘brand identity’. A range of series of goods or commodity generates a brand with diversification of products. According to Lash and Lury, Brand experience can be seen as a feeling of intensity. Objects are not always something that can be seen or touch physically. Unlike most natural scientists, social scientists including Lash and Lury refer objects as something that is in the imaginary world. In the new economy, brands are living on the thin air (Leadbeater, 1999; Simmel, 1978) sees ‘economic objects’ that pure desire and immediate enjoyment. Branding has been linked to structural changes, or intensifications, in the basis of consumer culture, which is especially associated with the move from Fordism to post-Fordism in the last third of the twentieth century. As a critical label, Fordism describes a mode of production based around the factory, the rationalization of labour and the standardization of goods (Grainge, 2008). 6 Although both can be sources of power, Lash and Lury differentiate the brand and commodity. Commodities works through a mechanistic principle of identity, brands through the animated production of difference’ (Fraser et al, in Lash and Lury, 2007: 7). However, Appandurai defines commodity ‘as a situation in social life of any ‘thing’ be defined as the situation in which its exchangeability (past, present, or future) for some other thing is its socially relevant feature’ (Appadurai, 1986). The summary is shown on the table below. Variable Logic Exchange value Production role Valued by History Set of relations with others Life Quantity Determinancy Production Works through Consumption Commodity Identity Money Produced as products Exchange for quantity, use value for quality No No Dead Singular Determined Labour-intensive Reproduction of identity Generalized Fordist consumption Use value: concrete singularity, qualities of product Exchange value (as commodity): homogeneity Brand Difference Not exchanged except for capital markets Source of production Expected future profits and difference Yes Yes Alive Series of goods Indetermined Design-intensive More production difference Specialized consumption Values Sign value: qualities of experience Table 1 Commodity versus Brand Methodology This essay uses the method of Global Culture Industry by following the life of Lady Gaga 7 with a biography. Lady Gaga is seen as a thing, ‘the internal organization of the object itself’ (Lash and Lury, 2007). Although she is a living human, she is a singular, manufactured brand (Gaffney, 2010) which makes her a cultural object. She is no just a pop music singer, she other values behind her. There are several people who shape Lady Gaga, including herself who has a major influence on the brand. The objects are followed by getting as much of information in many places and time from as many points of view as possible (Lash and Lury, 2007: 20). Literature reviews from various articles and research about Lady Gaga are used to reach comprehensiveness and the richness of data; and also to show intersubjectivity. In the book, Lash and Lury uses interviews to support the biography. This essay uses the interviews that are done in the multiple sources. In this biography, writer also incorporates other theorists’ views to the objects in the biography in order to test Lash and Lury’s method on the specific situations, time, and space. This essay will look at the objects with theoretical approaches by Karin-Knorr Cetina, Appandurai, Deleuze, and Heath and Potter; and Beer and Burrows. The biography is structured in three parts: the most recent development which the object enters to a flow; the structure of the industry; the beginning of the cultural object as a thing. Biography: From Germanotta to Gaga ‘I am my music; I am my art; I am my creativity’ (Gaga in Robinson, 2010) ‘She isnt a pop act, she is a performance artist. She herself is the art. She is the sculpture’. Lauper, 2010). Lady Gaga is one of the most successful acts in popular music industry in the last decade. ‘There is no denying it. Lady Gaga is one huge global brand. In fact, the money-making machine that is Lady Gaga is predicted to earn more than $100 million in 2011’ (Daily Mail, 2011). She has 8 been gaining her fans from all over the world, whom she refers as ‘little monsters’. With combining performance, she and her image have been shifting in different kinds of movement, adding her values in the eyes of the world.

Free Essays on Beyond Border

of my aunt. My cousin and I were sitting in the backseat, headphones blaring, totally ignoring everything. We were on our first, annual, all girls, trip to sunny, Rosarito Beach, Mexico. My mom was asleep in the front with my aunt, who was driving, while my sister and the rest of the girls in my family were in two other cars. We were on the freeway, just past the border. The song on my CD ended and a new one was about to begin, when my aunt spoke. I turned off my CD player and looked at my cousin. She just turned hers up and started to read a magazine. So I looked out my window by myself. Abruptly, I felt like I was drowning in a pool of desolation and sorrow. I was looking at a hillside covered with what were supposed to be houses, but in reality the could barely be called shacks. They were pieces of plastic, bits of cardboard and parts of wood and it seemed held together only because of some crazy glue. They reminded me of the projects that I used to make in kindergarten. I couldn’t tell whether the hill had any grass or trees or flowers because shacks and trash covered the ground. Everything from smelly, used, baby diapers to old, beat up, rotten couches littered the entire area. It looked like the hill was a volcano and all this waste was the lava just spewing from the top and coming down the hill, overflowing onto the street. Where was my sunny Mexico beach? We exited the freeway and came to a stop at the light. A bunch of traffic in front of us rendered our car immobile. About 25 people wondered around that little exit. They were knocking on car windows, standing off to the side with signs, and sleeping on the dirt to the side of the road. Out of the 25 people roaming around, more then half of them were under the age of 10. It reminded me of a scene from a war movie, just ... Free Essays on Beyond Border Free Essays on Beyond Border Beyond the Border â€Å"Now, I want you both to look out your windows and take everything in, realize just how lucky you are.† Those were the words of my aunt. My cousin and I were sitting in the backseat, headphones blaring, totally ignoring everything. We were on our first, annual, all girls, trip to sunny, Rosarito Beach, Mexico. My mom was asleep in the front with my aunt, who was driving, while my sister and the rest of the girls in my family were in two other cars. We were on the freeway, just past the border. The song on my CD ended and a new one was about to begin, when my aunt spoke. I turned off my CD player and looked at my cousin. She just turned hers up and started to read a magazine. So I looked out my window by myself. Abruptly, I felt like I was drowning in a pool of desolation and sorrow. I was looking at a hillside covered with what were supposed to be houses, but in reality the could barely be called shacks. They were pieces of plastic, bits of cardboard and parts of wood and it seemed held together only because of some crazy glue. They reminded me of the projects that I used to make in kindergarten. I couldn’t tell whether the hill had any grass or trees or flowers because shacks and trash covered the ground. Everything from smelly, used, baby diapers to old, beat up, rotten couches littered the entire area. It looked like the hill was a volcano and all this waste was the lava just spewing from the top and coming down the hill, overflowing onto the street. Where was my sunny Mexico beach? We exited the freeway and came to a stop at the light. A bunch of traffic in front of us rendered our car immobile. About 25 people wondered around that little exit. They were knocking on car windows, standing off to the side with signs, and sleeping on the dirt to the side of the road. Out of the 25 people roaming around, more then half of them were under the age of 10. It reminded me of a scene from a war movie, just ...

Technology discuss about ( IGES) & (X3D) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Technology discuss about ( IGES) & (X3D) - Essay Example The researcher compared the results between IGES and Web-Based 3D XML format after carrying the observations. This study collected secondary data was collected prior to the study to analyze and compare with findings of research already conducted in this field. 3D XML is a lightweight XML-based standard. It uses NURBS to represent graphic objects such as freeform surfaces and tessellating polygons. XML schema also includes product geometry, structure, and graphical display properties (3D XML 2008). Enables authors and designers to convey 3D information from various systems using a simpler and more direct syntax than straight VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language (An Approach to Accessing Product Data across System and Software Revisions, 2007) The IGES format is a neutral data format used to transfer the design to a dissimilar system. IGES is a commonly used for data interchange of 2D and 3D CAD model. It is also used to illustrate simple figures of CAD or "drawing" applications. IGES files include parameters of the IGES object such as; its version number, model size, and encoded elements. In March 1994, The IGES Project committee approved the registration of the format as a MIME data type. The above discussion highlights the existence of more advantages than disadvantages when comparing 3D XML to other formats. It also highlights the more advantages than disadvantages of IGES’s. This is mainly because of its comprehensive coverage and user friendly features such as its simple control strategies. It is concluded that advantages of IGES outweighs its

Oscilloscope Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Oscilloscope - Essay Example Therefore, these explanations were added. The detailed users’ feedbacks are not required, nevertheless, the key aspects of improving the guide are as follows: 1. The detailed explanations of the basic experiments will help to maximize the educational aspect of the document. Therefore, it should be stated that the actual importance of the feedbacks is explained by the necessity of adding self-descriptiveness for the guide. 2. The guide needs to pay more attention to safety. Since it is not a household device, and it may be used for measuring and analysing high voltage currents, the safety of a user is a cornerstone of the effective research. 3. The guide should be offered in hard- and soft-copies, and an extended remote assistance should be provided. It will help to gather feedbacks, and improve the device itself, as well as the guide. The results of the research involve the proper analysis of the functions and options offered by the oscilloscope, however, the experiments held are of the educational nature mainly.

Prevention of Crime and Disorder Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Prevention of Crime and Disorder - Assignment Example There is adequate external lighting to deter crime. There are employees who check on incoming customers and customers inside. These staff can be easily identified through their uniform and name tags. The Casino is always searched inside and outside before, during, and after opening hours for suspect packages. There are also guidelines on crime, violence, and aggression in and around the casino. When there are events that attract larger than usual crowds, the Casino liaises with the police. It also ensures that there is proper management of the door such that there are a high number of door supervisors when there is an event. There are admissions for only people above 18years and screening of people. If persons fail to meet the admission standards or become violent, they are denied entry or ejected. People known to be violent are banned from the casino. All incidences of crime or violence are recorded in the incidence book. During events, there is the use of plastic drinking vessels instead of glass drinking vessels to prevent the assault. Staff are trained in conflict management to help them deal with difficult situations, reduce violence, and disorders. Drugs and weapons entering the premises. There is a zero tolerance for the use and carrying weapons in the business. Everyone is searched at the door before entering. There are policies displayed in the casino to emphasis customers of a zero tolerance to drugs. When customers are suspected of use or possession of drugs, police are notified. Staffs are trained on drug awareness. The general safety of staff and customers. There is risk management done on the casino to identify potential hazards to staff and customers and to determine a solution to manage them. Staffs are made aware of the risks and precautionary measures to take. There are also first aid boxes in the casino, and they are properly maintained. Employees are trained on the use of the first aid equipment. Accumulation and disposal of glasses.  Ã‚  

Dangers of Methamphetamine

Dangers of Methamphetamine Mark Dawod The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime has estimated that five hundred metric tons of amphetamine-type stimulants are produced, coinciding with almost twenty-five million abusers. The US government reported in 2008 that about thirteen million people over the age of twelve has used meth, with over half a million being regular users of the substance. Meth has a market price in the US of thirteen billion dollars, which corroborates with its high street price, ranging from three to four hundred dollars for a fourth of a gram. Although meth is known for its disastrous side effects such as severe damage to the brain and heart, it helps those suffering with ADHD, narcolepsy, and dietary problemy. Overall, methamphetamine is a perilous stimulant that cripples the lives of its users and bystanders. However, with strong public awareness and education regarding the drugs deleterious effects, the dilemma of meth exploitation can be stopped. What is meth? Where did it originate from? Amphetamine, a dialect of the perilous methamphetamine we know today was first synthesized in Germany in 1887, however, scientists were blinded to its stimulant effects at the time. A few years later in 1893, meth was synthesized in Japan, it was not until 1919 that crystal meth was synthesized, similarly in Japan. At the time, the effects of this drug were not fully understood and were not perceived as dangerous, in turn the drug began to gain its popularity, although it did not fully take off until after the second great war. Methamphetamine was given to troops in wars such as World War II, the Korean Wars, and the Vietnam War to help them attain alertness throughout the battles, gaining an advantage over their counterparts. Additionally, methamphetamine was used during Nazi Germany as Hitler was intoxicated and enjoyed indulging in drugs. However, it was not until he sent Nazis thirty-five million pills of meth, known as Pervitin, which gave them the alertness to stay awake and fo cused for days at a time, they believed this pill to be just like coffee. Soon after World War II, biker gangs in California saw the value of this stimulant and began producing and smuggling it, resulting in them making a hefty profit as the drug was easy to produce and sell. To this day, methamphetamine is very well known and used frequently, especially in densely populated regions such as Miami and California. Methamphetamine also has very limited medical use, but is used largely by women seeking to lose weight as the drug suppresses appetite well. Methamphetamine is referred to as crystal, speed, ice, dope, whizz, chalk, and fast, just to name a few. Meth, usually used as a club drug, taken mostly at rave parties, is a poison that systematically destroys the body. I tried it once and BOOM! I was addicted, said a meth addict that lost all that he stood for because of this stimulant. Methamphetamine addiction is single handedly one of the toughest drug addictions to treat and resul ts in death largely because it burns up bodily resources that can only be replenished through frequent consumption of the drug. Who uses meth? And How? Studies show that meth users range from thirteen years old to thirty-three users old, although typically, users are within the fifteen to twenty-two year old age gap. Concerning race, African Americans are less likely to use meth than Caucasians. Meth users are predominantly Caucasian, blue collar workers, unemployed, and studying in either high school or college. Methamphetamine is also largely used in Native American communities because the spread of addiction has been widely spread from Mexican Drug Cartels, which is one of their main access sources for the substance. Women are also more likely to consume meth compared to other stimulants like heroin and cocaine because of its appetite suppressing side effect. Meth can be snorted, smoked, injected, and ingested; statistics concerning the different ways meth is consumed are as follows: 3% injest 12% snort 25% inject 60% smoke How does meth affect the body, mind, relationships, and environment? Upon the consumption of meth, the heart rate of user increases, along with their breathing patterns. Methamphetamine also releases exceedingly high levels of dopamine, 1100% more than cocaine does. This stimulant effect is also one of the main reasons that this substance is very addictive. However, with time, the brain builds a shield to the substance and the only way to get around this is by the consuming the drug more frequently and in higher doses, at this point the user is addicted and builds a reliance on the drug to feed their body resources. Short term, according to drugfreeworld.org, methamphetamine effects include the following: A limited desire for food Heightened heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature Dilated pupils Disorganized sleeping patterns Nausea Abnormal behavior, possibly violent if permitted Hallucinations and irritability Panic and psychosis Convulsions, seizures, and death Long term, according to drugfreeworld.org, methamphetamine effects include the following: Permanent damage to blood vessels, the brain, and/or the heart Liver, kidney, and/or lung damage If smoked, the carnage of nose tissues If injects, excessive diseases Malnutrition which leads to weight loss Harsh tooth decay Disorientation Increased psychological dependence Psychosis Depression Effects of Alzheimers in the brain Methamphetamine also plays a considerably large role in disturbing relationships between family members and friends. When on meth, the drug basically controls the body, resulting in unintended physical, mental, and emotional harm. The producing of meth within the household or near others is also significantly dangerous to those near by. Through explosions, fumes, or even waste (one pound of meth results in five pounds of waste) which in turn damages the environment. How can we lower the consumption and use of methamphetamine not used medically? According to P.A.C.E representatives, users of methamphetamine have indicated that the drug takes complete control over their body. This is due partially because of the high levels of dopamine that is released through the consumption of the substance. However, if a community is well-educated through a program such as Meth360, methamphetamine use will drop and more awareness will spread through neighboring areas. Conclusion Methamphetamine is a perilous stimulant that cripples the lives of its users and those surrounding them. Although, knowing what it is, its effects, and the dangers of its consumption, along with circulation of such information, the use of this drug will decrease and the environment, along with many families coping through the addiction of a loved one, will improve.

Europe after the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter Reform

Europe after the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter Reformation The period immediately following the Protestant reformation and the Catholic counter reformation, was full of conflict and war. The entire continent of Europe and all of it's classes of society were affected by the destruction and flaring tempers of the period. In the Netherlands, the Protestants and the Catholics were at eachother’s throats. In France it was the Guise family versus the Bourbons. In Bohemia, the religious and political structures caused total havoc for over thirty years; and in England, the Presbyterians thought that the English Anglican Church too closely resembled the Roman Catholic Church. Religion was the major cause of the widespread turmoil that took place throughout Europe between 1560 and 1660. One example of a battle in Europe that was caused by religious conflict took place in the Netherlands, between the Dutch citizens and their ruler Phillip II of Spain. When he tried to gain control of the catholic church there, the Dutch rebelled. The Protestants began to assault the Catholics, destroy their churches, and revolt against Phillip and his strict Catholic codes in 1572. The conflict ended in 1579 with a twelve year truce, when seven of the seventeen provinces united under Calvinism and William of Orange, and formed the United Provinces. The remaining ten remained under the rule of Spain. Another example of religious turmoil was the thirty-six year civil war in France, where the Huguenots were increasing in number despite the power of their enemies, the Catholics. The French Catholics, led by the noble family, Guise, faced off with the leading family of the Huguenots, the Bourbons. "The feuds which separate... ...h the freedom to choose religion), and the Presbyterians (who wanted a strict Calvinist system controlled by a strong central power). The Independents dominated the war with their New Model Army, and became an unstoppable force in England. They were led by the influential and militant Oliver Cromwell (whose nickname became "Lord Protector")of the House of Commons, and captured Charles, removed the House of Lords and the Presbyterians from Parliament, and executed the "holy anointed." Although politics did play a major role in the conflicts that occurred in the sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries; it was religion which was the major cause of the wars and devastation that occurred in this time period, and many times throughout history weather before or after the seventeenth century. Bibliography: The Western Experience;Chambers. pg505-535. 1997

Gilette Case

GILLETTE CASE 1)Evaluate product innovation at Gillette throughout its history. Has Gillette been a victim of its own success? Has product innovation in the wet-shaving market come to an end? Explain. When we look at Gillette’s product innovation throughout its history, Gillette continued developing, innovating it self. Yes the product innovation in the wet-shaving market come to an end and now it is in decline part of the cycle but Gillette razors are still selling because shaving with razors has become the habit of consumers throughout the years and it is the cheapest way.Gillette also came up with personal care products. As the rivalry gets hot, Gillette comes up with new innovations, which are better than the competitors every time. 2)What do you make of the battle between Gillette and Schick? Is the battle one upmanship good for either company? The battle between Gillette and Schick is very good for the consumer. This rivalry is upmanship good for both of the companies in a way.Because everytime that one of the brands come up with a new product, the other brand decides to produce a better version of it. So the innovations always stay fresh and the consumers benefit from this battle. 3)What actions would you recommend over the next five years that would help Gillette maintain its worldwide dominance in the shaving market? What specific marketing program decisions would you recommend? Should Gillette be worried about Schick? Explain. I would recommend Gillette to focus more on the products for females.Gillette already gained a great success for men products, now the company can produce more women products such as personal care products and woman razors. Gillette should continue supporting sportive activities because sports are always global cases, by continuing this strategy Gillette can stay global. Gillette should not be worried about Schick but should always be on track so that every time Schick comes with a new product or advertisement, Gillette c an do a better one.

Every Person Is an Architect of His Own Future Essays

Every Person Is an Architect of His Own Future Essays Every Person Is an Architect of His Own Future Paper Every Person Is an Architect of His Own Future Paper Every person is an architect of his future. Discuss. First draft Batyrkhan Saniya, ID 20122886 Academic Reading and Writing Course GEN 1120 Turgan Zhanadilov 12 February 2013 Outline I. Introduction. Thesis statement: Although some people believe that it is quite hard to manage the future because of inevitable fate, there seem to be no doubt that the person and only person is a creator of the future. II. Body. A. First, the future depends on person’s attitude to life. 1. Inspiring yourself 2. Doing everything with love B. Second, person and only person can create favorable conditions in his or her life. 1. Experience of successful people D. However, some people argue that no one can manage the future. 1. The destiny 2. Life circumstances III. Conclusion. Meaning of the â€Å"Every man is an architect of his future† make the public understand the phrase in different ways. Some people become rich and successful by a chance, while others reach their goals after a long struggle. According to Dahl Ransom (1999), wealthy people may help to poor people, but they will not make poor people become as rich as they are. Why they will not make them rich? Someone may say that wealthy man cannot make poor man rich because being poor and being wealthy is the fate. Others may say that living in wealth depends on person: if poor person do not want to be rich, he will not be rich; but he can be wealthy if he really want it. Some people believe in nature’s laws that everything in this world is related and nothing can happen just like you want; while others know that everything in their hands, that they are masters of their life, they are making their destiny by themselves. Although some people believe that it is quite hard to manage the future because of inevitable fate, there seem to be no doubt that the person and only person is a creator of the future. One of the main reasons for saying that everyone is an architect of his future is the person’s attitude to life. Our future is what we are thinking and doing now. We creating next day by thoughts, wishes, behavior, etc. That is true! There is not only one possible course of events in your life. Every person has several variants of a destiny, and everyone choose the way which he or she wants to follow. The problem is how people feel about a situation that forces them to make this choice. Almost everyone meet with some obstacles on their life road, and many people see them as something irresistible, irreparable. Others see these obstacles as a challenge. They see them as not a dead end, but the opportunity. In all the events that happen around us, for someone there are opportunities and for others may be â€Å"dead end†. For example, Steil (2007) in his article mentioned about a girl, who almost lost the ability to see and move because of accident, weird accident. Doctors said that the situation is very bad, and many people may give up in her place. However, this girl believed herself and in her strength, she was positively-oriented to everything. It was reflected in her attitude to herself and other people. No matter how the situation was bad, she could struggle with this obstacle and move straight to her goals. Another reason is that the person and only person can create favorable conditions in his or her life. The one of good examples for that are the successful people. Not getting that promotion can make person feel like the end of the world, but people who are the idols for whole world show that devastating failures are just another stop on the road to success. For example, Marilyn Monroes first contract with Columbia Pictures expired because they told her she wasnt pretty or talented enough to be an actress. Monroe  kept plugging away and now she is one of the most iconic actresses and sex symbols of all time (http://marilynmonroe. com/history/). Oprah Winfrey was fired from her television reporting job because they told her she wasnt fit to be on screen. But  Winfrey rebounded  and became the undisputed queen of television talk shows. Shes also a billionaire ( oprah. com/index. html). These are the one of the worlds greatest success stories of people, who just happen to have experience of massive failure that could have easily made them give-up. But they didnt and now theyre the monuments of success that they are remembered for, a good source of encouragement when it feels like you will never make it to the top. However, some people argue that no one can manage the future because of the destiny and life circumstances. As Conchalovsky says (2005), â€Å"For every person, there is a destiny. Nothing happens accidentally, everything happens because of some law or other things. † There is a nature’s law that everything comes from something, all subjects and objects are related to each other. Another example is inevitable life situations occurring frequently nowadays that can ruin plans of human at anytime. But, as it was written, the attitude to life helps to fight with these situations. To conclude, our life is complex and unpredictable. Often people think that no one can hide from the fate, that we were born and live on a particular scenario, and that everything what destined above will happen. But few of us have thought about the fact that person creates the future, person’s actions, thoughts, desires and feelings. Always remember that people are the creators of the future, so they must create it with enthusiasm, reveal the creative potential. Reference list: Ransom, M. R. , ; Dahl, G. B. (1999). Does Where You Stand Depend on Where You Sit? Tithing Donations and Self-Serving Beliefs. American Economic Review  (pp. 703–727). American Economic Association. Retrieved February 9, 2013 from www. jstor. org Steil, M. (2007). Chto takoe pozitivnoe otnoshenie k zhizni? Retrieved February 8, 2013 from www. shkolazhizni. ru Baraban, E. (2007). â€Å"The Fate of a Man† by Sergei Bondarchuk and the Soviet Cinema of Trauma. The Slavic and East European Journal,  51(3), 514–534. Retrieved February 10, 2013 from: jstor. org/stable/20459525 .

Miller achieve emotional intensity Essays

Miller achieve emotional intensity Essays Miller achieve emotional intensity Essay Miller achieve emotional intensity Essay The Crucible is a highly emotional play, especially at the end of Act One and beginning of Act Two. Arthur Miller integrates many dramatic techniques including: interesting poignant characters, a great deal of dramatic and literacy devices, powerful language and themes of envy, power, hysteria and dignity. Miller also draws upon contextual significance; he uses the Salem witch trials as an allegory for the communist trials of McCarthyism. These techniques contribute to the overall emotional intensity at the end of Act One and the beginning of Act Two. The Crucible can be read by different audiences in varying ways; the original audience would have been more emotionally involved therefore finding it more emotionally intense. Nowadays, the audience may be more detached from the story finding it less emotionally intense. The Salem witch trials in The Crucible can be seen as a parallel to the McCarthyism era in which the play was written. To that audience many things that an audience today may not notice, would be deeply significant and emotional. The first similarity between the two eras is the way that the characters accuse other people of being involved with the devil to save themselves from punishment. This happens when Abigail says I saw Goody Sibber with the devil. Abigail is one of the many characters who is thought to be a witch, she then accuses someone else as being a witch thus, saving herself. This also happened in McCarthyism, if you accused someone else, you got a lighter sentence. This parallel with McCarthyism would have evoked great emotions at the time the play was first performed. The second parallel is the way the court would be more lenient if people pleaded guilty. This is shown at the beginning of Act Two when Elizabeth says The deputy governor promise hangin if theyll not confess. This not only evokes emotion because innocent people were not given a fair trial but at the time the play was first performed would have been seen as a parallel to McCarthys trials where if people did not confess under little or no evidence they would face a greater punishment. People would have been deeply moved by this significance. When the play was first performed during McCarthys times, Senator McCarthy believed that communists were going to spoil their way of life, the American dream. In The Crucible Salem is a theocratic society in which the law and the church are the same; they are worried that the devil is trying to ruin their way of life. The theocracy in the play is endorsed by the power that Reverend Parris has in the village, when he says you will confess yourself or I will take you out and whip you to death and when he says the devil can never overcome a minister. Both show the authority and power the church had in their society. Again this parallel would have a deep impact on the audience of millers time. A modern audience may relate the persecution of differences in Salem similar to the modern persecution of Islam and the middle east. Salem was perhaps a more extreme version of Senator McCarthys trials however their allegorical significance would still increase the emotional intensity of the play for its original audience.

Currency War of China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Currency War of China - Research Paper Example In connection to this, this paper provides detailed information on the effects of World War II to China’s currency. In doing that, it expounds on the Japanese presence in China and their effect on the economy as well as how the war between the Chinese currency and Japanese currency led to confusion of China’s currency. It also details on the activities that were carried out by the Japanese and their effect to China. The paper also expound on how silver affected the economy of China alongside explaining how the U.S. control of IMF led to currency issues in China. The paper expound on not only the effects of Cultural Revolution in 1966, but also on the effects of Post-Bretton Woods. Additionally, the paper also provides detailed information on not only what currency wars have brought to China, but also on how China will act differently if WWIII will be a currency war. Currency wars are terms used in referring to the manipulation of currencies with the intention of boosting exports. â€Å"On the other hand, currency war (competitive devaluation) is a condition in international businesses where countries compete with in opposition to each other with the intention of achieving relatively low exchange rates for their own currency† (Rickards 111). The term currency war was launched in September 2010 by a Brazilian Finance Minister referred to as Guido Mantega. According to him, emerging markets were experiencing challenges from not only depreciation of U.S. dollar, but also through undervalued Chinese renminbi (RMB). A week later after the coining of the term â€Å"currency war,† the President of France by name Nicolas Sarkozy also placed a reform of the international monetary system on top of the agenda of the G20 under France’s chairmanship with the aim of ensuring the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and other competent organi zations launch diverse host to discuss on the same issue. It was

Global competition study of Accor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Global competition study of Accor - Essay Example The rate of growth within the hotels and motels industry has been described as a generally promising one (Accor, 2013). As exhibited in figure 1, from 2009, the industry has recorded increase in industry value. The recorded growth notwithstanding, Hospitality Net (2012) lamented that the overall growth has been saturated around very few competitors. This means that until an individual company within the industry performs extraordinarily well, it would find itself within a growing industry but will not really be part of this growth. This is the reason it is extremely important and relevant that the current research be undertaken with the aim of analysing the strategic competitiveness of Accor. The selection of Accor is also of interest because it is considered as one of the leading contributors of the industry’s growth (Accor, 2013). It is therefore important to study the company so as to find ways in which the company can maintain its current competitive position within the industry. Accor is headquartered in Paris and a member of the Paris stock exchange with an operating ticker of AC. Due to its key financials, Accor is regarded as a major global hotel operator (Hotelier News, 2014). Among the 92 countries in which Accor operates, Europe is its largest market with nearly 3,576 hotels and 461,719 rooms in Europe alone (MarketLine, 2014). The target markets of Accor have been largely influenced by its two major segments which are hotels and other businesses. Under the hotel segment, there are targets with luxury, upscale, mid-scale, and economy target markets. As far as other businesses segment is concerned, there are target markets for corporate departments and casinos (MarketLine, 2014). Table 1 gives the key financials of the company from 2009 to 2013. When the key financials of Accor is graphically represented, it is possible to get the real impulse of why it is important for the project to be carried out. This is because the graph in

Genetic experiment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Genetic experiment - Research Paper Example Stem cell research is one of the most hotly debated issue that involved political, social, religious and moral concerns. Stem cell research is one of the most developed genetic experimentation with a wide range of possibilities in the field of biology. There are many possible things that these researches can achieve given if the researches are well grounded, well funded and supported by the society. However, question such as the ethical and moral credibility of the action has surfaced. Stem cell research involves the human embryonic cells. These embryonic cells come from new fertilized eggs that started to divide to form any type of cells in the body. Embryonic cells are the stepping stone to finding out new ways of treating health problems. Transplants have been made easier and effective with the advent of stem cell research. Various stem cell procedures that proved to be effective life saving treatments to various sicknesses such as leukemia, tumors, heart transplants and many more have been developed through the extensive researches of scientist (Basics). The cultured embryonic cells have attached ethical constraints. Embryonic cells are destroyed with the many researches being done by scientists. Subjecting these human embryos into laboratories for experimentation is like killing a human being that is possible to develop maturely. It is unsettling to consider that embryos even if they are still five days old are placed on dishes that will soon die due to failed experiments. On the other hand, scientists and researchers raise various questions related to stem cell research such as: Are human embryos equal with a full grown human? Do the embryos have rights? Does life start at fertilization? Is the destruction of one embryo justifiable when it can provide cure for countless patients? The embryonic cells can either live or die at the dish during experimentation. The government of various countries has been warily affected as funds directed for the research are questioned by their constituents due to the ethical issues attached with the issue. George Bush for example, has supported the stem cell research at the start of his presidential term. But later, he withdrew such funds due to the ethical claims related with the research. Further, President Obama continued the funding during his term showing his support for the advancement of the biotechnological breakthroughs. Political disputes and debates have erupted among different parties exposing their sides on the issue. Policy makers have drafted various laws regarding the research, but restrictions have barricaded the further progress of the researches (â€Å"Stem Cell†). Stem cell research is just one of the many genetic experimentation that evoke reactions from the public. The advent of such researches and other advancement in the field of biotechnological engineering has caused fear to many. One of the most stricken issues is the idea of cloning. As the stem cell research progres sed, other advancement are made possible. Researches has evolved and discovered every now and then. Medical News Today covers the world with breakthroughs, such as: New approach for growing intestinal stem cells Transforming human ES of IPS cells into functional ling epithelial cells New approach for corneal

The Middle East Essay Example for Free

The Middle East Essay Petroleum being one of the most indispensable resources to man is a commodity that is produced in one of the regions in the world characterized by people who sport long beards, dresses for both men and women and a turban. This region is the Middle East which is responsible for producing most of the worlds supply of oil. Therefore, one must be aware of the history and current status of the Middle East because it produces one of the most important fuels that make our life convenient nowadays. The Middle East is a region that includes southwestern Asia and Egypt. Formerly known as the Near East, it is the origin of most of the major religions in the world such as Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. As of 2009, the Middle East has a total population of 202,687,005 comprising around 3% of the total worlds population. Saudi Arabias total of 27,019,731 includes 5,360,526 non-nationals and UAEs total population of 2,602,713 includes 1,576,472 non-nationals making them among those that are highly active in terms of commerce and industry. The population of the Middle East is still expected to grow rapidly because of the young age structure, having one third of its entire population under 15. The fertility of mothers rose from 4. 3 births per woman in 2000 to 7. 2 in 2010. Nearly 60% of the population live in urban areas therefore making the urbanization rate high. Population density varies among countries and Yemen for example has a population density of 34. 2 square meters per person, 10. 2 for Saudi Arabia, and 30. 9 for UAE. Ethnic groups that comprise the Middle East are Persians, Arabs, Turks, Armenians, Jews, and Greeks. Major religion is Islam but other religions are also present such as Christianity, Judaism and Zoroastrianism. Major language being spoken is Arabic followed by Persian and Turkish. The history of the Middle East dates back to the empires of the Byzantines and the Sassanids. The Arabs who were before at competition with each other were bounded by one religion that is Islam. The Arab Islamic group spread to more countries but was eventually repaced by a Turkish Islamic group known as the Ottomans. The Ottoman empire lasted for decades but reached decline when the Europeans took control because of their interest in Middle East lands. To save the empire, the Ottomans collaborated with Germany during WWI but due to the loss they sustained, they were eventually a destroyed empire. The Middle East countries were granted freedom since the 1920s to the 1970s. Monarchs and dictators emerged and ruled the political system of the region. Internal forces affecting politics are instabilities caused by coups, revolutions and civil wars while the external force that affected the politics in the region is the importance placed on them by other super powers such as the United States and other Europen States. The main product that fuels the economy of the Middle East is the oil they produce. 1965-1985 was the period considered as the best in the economy of the region. This was due to a dramatic rise in the prices of oil. Due to this, literacy rates rose, job opportunities grew and the oil-producing countries gave constant aids to non-oil producing countries. Among those that experienced wealth are Saudi Arabia and UAE while Yemen stayed to be among the poorest. However, dramatic as the rise, the decline was equally dramatic because of the fluctuation in oil price from 28$ in 1985 to 10$ in 1986. Currently, the economic future of the Middle East is affected by two forces. Internally, it is the rapid population growth in the region. This will clearly affect the economy because this will cause stresses in resources of the region. Take for example water, since the Middle East is among the water-scarce region in the world. Other aspects to be taken into consideration that will be affected by population growth are food resources, medicine and education. Externally, the factor that would affect the economy of the Middle East is the price of oil in the world market. If there is a rise, then further economic growth will be attained. But if the direction would be a decrease, then it would not be good news for the region. Therefore, alternative sources of income should be exploited. In conclusion, as long as there is a need to fuel the modern technology that man has created, the Middle East will continue to thrive as a region that is rich in cultural heritage as well as a region that is the best resource for oil. Works Cited Shah, Anup. 29 December 2009. â€Å"Middle East†. Global Issues. 5 June 2010 http://www. globalissues. org/issue/103/middle-east

An Assessment of C.K. Wiliams and Ted Hughes Essays -- essays papers

There are few positive views of life to be found in C.K. Williams’ The Vigil. His poetry does not present a necessarily negative life-view, but rather sees the world as most others do. He calls out commonplace people, places, and times in the same manner that most of the rest of us do, despite how dark it may seem. Williams uses a lot of punctuation in his poetry. His sentences, although full of commas and semicolons, flow smoothly from line to line. He uses a lot of clauses and qualifications in his writing. Each stanza remains fresh, never becoming mundane or repetitive. He chooses words carefully, painting pictures with broad, smooth strokes rather than wispy phrases that are hard to follow. In his poem entitled â€Å"Grief†, Williams accurately describes his grief at the loss of a loved one. In Part One, the feeling is heavy and overwhelming. The speaker, (most likely Williams), recalls days of sitting bedside with a slow-dying love. Some writers waste time in getting to the heart of the poem, but Williams wastes none. In the first line, he leaves his readers with no question as to what is going on in the poem. He writes, â€Å"Gone now, after the days of desperate, unconscious gasping, the reflexive / staying alive,† (29). All readers are instantaneously reminded of an experience with watching a loved one pass slowly, perhaps painfully. In Part Two of the poem, Williams questions grief as an emotion. He tries to indicate what exactly the emotion of grief entails, and maybe even what it should be. He comes to the conclusion that grief is not clear-cut, but rather like a roller coaster ride, up and down, coming and going in unexpected waves. Readers can identify with this, as we all know that grief is not an appare... ... Hughes writes, â€Å"†¦ to announce to the world / What Life had made of you† (112). Hughes feels happy at this moment, but he knows that Plath’s happiness is too good to be true, and that it probably won’t last. We all know that it couldn’t, and it didn’t. Both Williams and Hughes present life in a manner that may not be pleasant, but is nonetheless true-to-life. Although Williams’ life-view is a bit dark and dreary, we can all read it and relate it to some aspect of our lives. And although Hughes’ poetry is mostly about his life with Sylvia Plath, we can all read it and relate it to someone what we may know. Williams refuses to find a silver lining in every cloud, and Hughes refuses to see Plath as a woman who could be helped. The reason that both of these poets are successful is that they write about life as it is, rather than what we would all like it to be.

Characterization: Curley’s Wife in Of Mice And Men Essay

With colorful statements like â€Å"She had full, rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made up. Her fingernails were red. Her hair hung in little rolled clusters, like sausages. She wore a cotton dress and red mules, on the insteps of which were little bouquets of red ostrich feathers† (John Steinbeck, 31), Curley’s wife is one of the more vividly portrayed characters in Of Mice and Men. Although Steinbeck leaves almost nothing to the imagination about this woman, he chooses to consistently refer to her as ‘Curley’s Wife’ rather than giving her a name or a nickname like he has done with most of the other characters. Through indirect and direct characterization the reader discovers that this woman was not simply a ticket to trouble like the workers on her father-in-law’s ranch believed, but a girl stuck in a life where she didn’t belong. Curley’s wife, who was incredibly lonely, was always ‘heavily made up’ even when she lived on the ranch where George and Lennie worked. Although generally she was thought of as a floozy, her talk with Lennie revealed that she was used to the high life. When her parents forbade her to go into the acting business, as she so wished, she married Curley, the first man who offered her something other than stardom, in order to get away from her overbearing family (Steinbeck, 88). Although because of this decision she was forced to spend her life on a ranch full of underclass workers, she still liked to make herself up to constantly remind herself that she had had the potential to be something better. To her, dressing up and flaunting her stuff was a symbol of status, something to set her apart from the rest of the lower class, which, even today, is not much different. Fashion magazines, television, and the general media still lead the public to believe that style directly connects to the amount of wealth or power someone has. When fashion trends change by the minute, it is generally thought that everything from wealth to sophistication is shown when someone is able to keep up with them (Appendix A). Curley’s wife considered always looking presentable as a constant reminder that she had once been considered good enough to go into the movie business and could have been something much better than the boss’s son’s wife. Another reason Curley’s wife was constantly made up and wondering around the ranch was that she was lonely. With Curley always gone and having nothing in common with her, she had no one to keep her company and was forced to look for attention among the workers, who had long since learned to keep away from the boss’s daughter-in-law. â€Å"‘Funny thing,’ she said. ‘If I catch any one man, and he’s alone, I get along fine with him. But just let two of the guys get together an’ you won’t talk. Jus’ nothing but mad'† (Steinbeck, 77). Although Curley was very over-protective of his wife, he didn’t tend to her needs so she moseyed around looking for something to do or someone to talk to during the day. And even though all she wanted was the attention Curley didn’t give her, the men in the ranch knew that talking to her would only lead to trouble. â€Å"Well, I aint giving you no trouble. Think I don’t like to talk to somebody ever’ once in a while? Think I like to stick around the house alla time?'† Curley’s wife had all the spare time in the world, and spends it making herself look as good as she can (Appendix B) and flaunts her body to anyone who will look. She desperately seeks attention and acknowledgment that she’s still got the looks that attracted all sorts of men to her before. Steinbeck chose not to give Curley’s wife a real name because she was never able to make a name for herself; she was forced into a life where she was confined and unable to pursue her real dreams. She obviously wasn’t happy with her life living inside Curley’s ranch; she wasn’t meant to be the typical woman of that time who stays at home doing the cooking and cleaning for her husband. â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Well, a show came through, an’ I met one of the actors. He says I could go with that show. But my ol’ lady wouldn’ let me. She says because I was on’y fifteen'†(Steinbeck, 88). Curley’s wife desperately tries to show Lennie that she was better than this ranch; that she wasn’t common like the rest of the people there and that it was by fault that she was living where she was now. She needed to leave that ranch and pursue her dreams now that she was old enough to make her own decisions. She needed a ticket out of that city so she could go to Hollywood and make a name for herself (Appendix C). Although Curly’s wife’s character was portrayed completely by John Steinbeck, she was never given a full name because her character isn’t full. She was missing something; she wasn’t in her rightful place. Curley’s wife wasn’t meant to live her life on the ranch, and her character wasn’t completed because of it. Steinbeck showed this the only tangible way he could, with the lack of a name for her. She wasn’t like the rest of the people on the ranch, with a name or nickname; she was referred to as ‘Curley’s Wife’. She stood out by the fact that she was the only woman on the ranch, she was the only one who dressed to impress, and she was the only person without a full name. She didn’t belong and even if she had lived she never would.

Promissory Estoppel Essay

Sometimes an agreement without consideration will be enforced. This happens when a promise which foreseeably induces promisee to act or forebear becomes binding because injustice can only be avoided by enforcement of the promise. Promise A promise is an assurance, in whatever form or expression that a thing will or will not be done. Actual Reliance The promisee must actually and justifiably rely on the promise by the other. Detriment Promisee must have relied on the promise to his detriment. Foreseeable Reliance The promisee’s reliance must be reasonably foreseeable to promisor. Injustice Cannot be Avoided In deciding if injustice can be avoided courts will consider: 1.Availability and adequacy of other remedies, particularly restitution or cancellation. 2.The definite and substantial character of the action or forbearance in relation to remedy sought. 3.Extent to which the action or forbearance corroborates evidence of the making and terms of the promise. 4.Reasonableness of action or forbearance. 5.Extent to which the action or forbearance was foreseeable by promisor.

Free Essays on Circle Stories

Circle Stories â€Å"Circle Stories: A collaborative Project† by Riva Lehrer, is a collection of paintings and stories of artists who have some form of disability. The author, Riva Lehrer is disabled, as shown in her self-portrait. Riva Lehrer compiled this collaboration to give all society a compassionate insight into the lives of disabled people in the arts. Her collection can be evaluated based on the author’s background, and the collaboration between the disabled artist and the author. Riva Lehrer has a very personal interest in â€Å"Circle Stories: A collaborative Project†. In her self-portrait, one can see that she is wearing corrective shoes to fix an orthopedic problem, and her story indicates she has spina bifida. The fact that she herself is disabled does shine an extra light on her work. Riva Lehrer’s goal with her work is to inform with a tone of understanding. If a collection like this was composed from a â€Å"normal person†, I would speculate the underlying tone would be pitiful and patronizing. This idea is evident in the work Diane Arbus, tragically famous (and non-disabled) photographer of, as she calls them, â€Å"freaks†. A freak is generally someone who is abnormal and unlike the rest of normal society. As quoted by Sara Ironman at www.temple.edu/photos, â€Å"Freaks was a thing I photographed a lot. It was one of the first things I photographed and it had a terrific kind of excitement for me.† This statemen t by Diane Arbus indicates little empathy for the people she photographs. Further, the attention to detail in the portraits done by Lehrer illustrates the life of the person painted, unlike the photographs taken by Diane Arbus. Arbus’ photos black and white, as if a dark shadow was cast when the picture was taken. In one Arbus’ photos, there is a teenage unattractive, short couple, standing in a dirty alley behind a dingy gray building. My reaction all of her photos, especially one o... Free Essays on Circle Stories Free Essays on Circle Stories Circle Stories â€Å"Circle Stories: A collaborative Project† by Riva Lehrer, is a collection of paintings and stories of artists who have some form of disability. The author, Riva Lehrer is disabled, as shown in her self-portrait. Riva Lehrer compiled this collaboration to give all society a compassionate insight into the lives of disabled people in the arts. Her collection can be evaluated based on the author’s background, and the collaboration between the disabled artist and the author. Riva Lehrer has a very personal interest in â€Å"Circle Stories: A collaborative Project†. In her self-portrait, one can see that she is wearing corrective shoes to fix an orthopedic problem, and her story indicates she has spina bifida. The fact that she herself is disabled does shine an extra light on her work. Riva Lehrer’s goal with her work is to inform with a tone of understanding. If a collection like this was composed from a â€Å"normal person†, I would speculate the underlying tone would be pitiful and patronizing. This idea is evident in the work Diane Arbus, tragically famous (and non-disabled) photographer of, as she calls them, â€Å"freaks†. A freak is generally someone who is abnormal and unlike the rest of normal society. As quoted by Sara Ironman at www.temple.edu/photos, â€Å"Freaks was a thing I photographed a lot. It was one of the first things I photographed and it had a terrific kind of excitement for me.† This statemen t by Diane Arbus indicates little empathy for the people she photographs. Further, the attention to detail in the portraits done by Lehrer illustrates the life of the person painted, unlike the photographs taken by Diane Arbus. Arbus’ photos black and white, as if a dark shadow was cast when the picture was taken. In one Arbus’ photos, there is a teenage unattractive, short couple, standing in a dirty alley behind a dingy gray building. My reaction all of her photos, especially one o...